Where do the orange specks of iron fallout on car paint come from?

Iron fallout consists of tiny ferrous particles from brake dust, rail transport, industrial activity and road traffic. Hot particles can embed in the paint surface, then rust and form orange or brown specks that normal shampoo does not remove. Light-colored cars show it most clearly, often on the rear and lower panels or on the side facing a nearby rail line or industrial site.

References
  1. Rail Dust (Glossary of Detailing Terms), International Detailing Association (IDA)
  2. Brake pad, Wikipedia
  3. Rust, Wikipedia
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